Official source
Use the authority's current page for the final application requirements.
Open official source →Evidence-backed claims
| Field | Claim | Authority | Effective | Reviewed |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| eligibility | The Skilled Worker route requires an eligible job, an approved UK employer, a certificate of sponsorship and the applicable minimum salary; the standard minimum salary is currently £41,700 or the occupation going rate, whichever is higher. | UK Visas and Immigration | 2026-09-06 | 2026-10-11 |
| financial-requirement | The route normally requires £1,270 in available maintenance funds, held for 28 consecutive days with day 28 within 31 days of application, unless an applicable exemption or employer maintenance certification applies; application fees vary by duration and circumstances, and the immigration health surcharge normally applies. | UK Visas and Immigration | 2026-09-06 | 2026-10-11 |
| eligibility | The UK Student route is generally for applicants aged 16 or over with an offer from a licensed student sponsor, sufficient funds for course fees and living costs, and English ability; additional conditions and evidence vary by age and circumstances. | UK Visas and Immigration | 2026-09-06 | 2026-10-11 |
| financial-requirement | Study permit applicants must demonstrate sufficient funds for tuition, living expenses and transportation; the required living-expense amounts are updated annually and depend on family size and application date. | Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada | 2026-09-01 | 2026-10-11 |
| eligibility | For points-based skilled visas such as subclasses 189, 190 and 491, an expression of interest is required before invitation; the minimum points threshold is 65, but meeting it does not guarantee an invitation. | Department of Home Affairs | 2026-09-06 | 2026-10-11 |
| processing-priority | Skilled visa processing priorities for covered temporary, provisional and permanent skilled visa applications are governed by Ministerial Directions 121 and 122, which came into effect on 19 September 2026 and replaced Direction 119. | Department of Home Affairs | 2026-09-19 | 2026-10-11 |
| financial-requirement | For visa-required students on academic courses beginning after 1 July 2023, Irish guidance requires immediate access to at least €10,000 for one academic year and evidence of €10,000 for each subsequent year in addition to course fees; courses shorter than eight months use the applicable monthly or capped total threshold. Non-visa-required nationals have separate arrival/registration evidence rules. | Immigration Service Delivery | 2025-06-30 | 2026-10-11 |
| policy-update | New Zealand's Skilled Migrant Category and work-to-residence settings changed from 24 August 2026, including revised wage-threshold application, qualification evidence, Trades and Technician pathway criteria, and restrictions on counting self-employment as directly relevant experience under the two new pathways. | Immigration New Zealand | 2026-08-24 | 2026-10-11 |
| eligibility | A Finland study residence permit can be granted when an applicant has been accepted by an eligible educational institution and the studies lead to a degree, vocational qualification or qualify as an exchange programme; the applicant must be able to support themselves. | Finnish Immigration Service | 2026-09-06 | 2026-10-11 |
| financial-requirement | Applicants for a first Finland study residence permit need at least EUR 800 per month for living costs; for studies lasting at least one year, the guidance states EUR 9,600 must be available when applying, in addition to tuition funds where applicable. | Finnish Immigration Service | 2026-09-06 | 2026-10-11 |
| eligibility | Third-country nationals intending to reside in Luxembourg for salaried activity generally require an authorisation to stay and then a residence permit for salaried workers, subject to the applicable conditions. | Guichet.lu | 2026-09-06 | 2026-10-11 |
| work-rights | Third-country students in Luxembourg may generally undertake salaried work for an average of up to 15 hours per week over a month outside study time, with exceptions for school holidays, qualifying doctoral research and University of Luxembourg assistant contracts. Eligible graduates who complete the final year of a qualifying five-year university cycle may use a simplified route to salaried or self-employed activity, subject to conditions and application before the student permit expires. | Guichet.lu | 2026-09-06 | 2026-10-11 |
| work-rights | Third-country students in Austria may be granted an employment permit for work of up to 20 hours per week without a labour-market test, subject to the required employer application. | Austrian Government / Migration.gv.at | 2026-09-06 | 2026-10-11 |
| post-study | Eligible third-country graduates of qualifying Austrian higher-education programmes may renew their student residence permit for 12 months to search for employment or start a business, subject to general residence requirements. | Austrian Government / Migration.gv.at | 2026-09-06 | 2026-10-11 |
| financial-requirement | From 1 June 2026, a Swedish work permit requires salary of at least 90% of the Swedish median salary at the time of application; the current requirement is SEK 34,470 per month based on a median salary of SEK 38,300 published on 16 June 2026. | Swedish Migration Agency | 2026-06-16 | 2026-10-11 |
| eligibility | Sweden's work-permit rules changed from 1 June 2026: covered first-time applicants generally need salary of at least 90% of the median salary, with exemptions and transitional extension rules; comprehensive health insurance is required for stays of at most one year; and applications may be rejected for specified employer deficiencies. | Swedish Migration Agency | 2026-06-01 | 2026-10-11 |
| financial-requirement | Applicants for a Swedish higher-education study residence permit in 2026 must normally demonstrate at least SEK 10,656 per month for maintenance, with possible reductions where free food or housing is provided. | Swedish Migration Agency | 2026-01-01 | 2026-10-11 |
| work-rights | For bachelor's and master's students whose Swedish residence permit was granted on or after 11 June 2026, work is limited to a maximum of 15 hours per week, with specified exceptions for work forming part of education and certain university duties. | Swedish Migration Agency | 2026-06-11 | 2026-10-11 |
| eligibility | A person who wants to study in Canada generally needs a study permit when the programme and circumstances fall within the study-permit requirement. Applicants must satisfy the applicable admission, identity and permit conditions and provide the documents required by the Government of Canada. | Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada | 2026-09-14 | 2026-09-14 |
| financial-requirement | Study permit applicants must demonstrate sufficient funds for tuition, living expenses and transportation, with the applicable living-expense amount depending on family size and application date. | Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada | 2026-09-01 | 2026-10-11 |
| eligibility | Applicants from outside the EU/EEA who want to study in Norway generally need a residence permit for studies; the permit covers university, university college, vocational and certain other qualifying study programmes. | Norwegian Directorate of Immigration | 2026-09-07 | 2026-10-11 |
| process | For covered Norwegian work-residence applications submitted by the applicant from abroad, the employer or client may need to confirm the job or assignment offer to UDI and provide a confirmation code for the application. | Norwegian Directorate of Immigration | 2026-02-19 | 2026-10-11 |
| eligibility | Portugal's remote-work residence authorisation requires a valid passport, the applicable remote-work residence visa, a declaration confirming the employment or service relationship with a person or entity outside Portugal, and proof of the residence address under the applicable rules. | AIMA | 2026-09-07 | 2026-10-11 |
| process | AIMA currently lists a dedicated residence authorisation route for remote professional activity performed for entities outside Portugal and identifies the relevant residence-visa framework under Article 88(1). | AIMA | 2026-09-07 | 2026-10-11 |
| eligibility | Japan's residence-status framework includes Student (留学) for qualifying education at universities, colleges, vocational schools and other listed educational institutions, subject to the applicable immigration rules. | Immigration Services Agency of Japan | 2026-09-07 | 2026-10-11 |
| eligibility | Japan's residence-status framework includes Engineer/Specialist in Humanities/International Services for qualifying activities requiring technical or humanities knowledge or foreign-cultural expertise under a contract with a Japanese public or private organisation, subject to the applicable rules. | Immigration Services Agency of Japan | 2026-09-07 | 2026-10-11 |
| eligibility | From 1 June 2026, a Swedish work permit generally requires employment conditions meeting the applicable rules, including a salary of at least 90 percent of Sweden's median salary under the new work-permit salary requirement. | Swedish Migration Agency | 2026-06-01 | 2026-10-11 |
| financial-requirement | Applicants for a Swedish higher-education study residence permit in 2026 must normally demonstrate at least SEK 10,656 per month for maintenance, with possible reductions where free food or housing is provided. | Swedish Migration Agency | 2026-01-01 | 2026-10-11 |
| post-study | Eligible graduates who completed a qualifying higher-education programme lasting at least two semesters may apply before their current permit expires for a residence permit of up to one year (bachelor's/master's) or up to 18 months (doctoral studies) to seek work or explore starting a business, subject to financial maintenance and insurance conditions. | Swedish Migration Agency | 2026-09-07 | 2026-10-11 |
| eligibility | Germany's Federal Foreign Office states that foreign nationals can obtain a study visa and subsequent residence permit after successful admission to a German higher-education institution. | Federal Foreign Office of Germany | 2025-10-30 | 2026-09-12 |
| financial-requirement | Germany requires proof that living costs for the first year of study are secured; accepted mechanisms include parental finances, a formal declaration of commitment, a German blocked account or qualifying scholarship funding. | Federal Foreign Office of Germany | 2026-09-12 | 2026-09-12 |
| eligibility | Germany's Opportunity Card can be accessed either by a foreign vocational or academic qualification fully recognised in Germany or through the points route requiring a qualifying foreign qualification and at least six points, alongside the applicable conditions. | Make it in Germany / German government | 2026-09-12 | 2026-09-12 |
| financial-requirement | For 2026, Opportunity Card applicants must demonstrate sufficient funds for the job-search period; the official guidance gives a blocked-account minimum of €1,091 net per month or an applicable declaration of commitment, with qualifying part-time employment potentially counting toward the financing test. | Make it in Germany / German government | 2026-09-12 | 2026-09-12 |
| eligibility | France-Visas states that student applicants must have selected their course or studies and be accepted by a higher-education establishment; studies longer than three months use the long-stay student route subject to the applicable formalities. | France-Visas / Government of France | 2026-09-12 | 2026-09-12 |
| financial-requirement | France-Visas states that student long-stay visa applications submitted from 1 August 2026 require proof of resources corresponding to at least €877.50 per month. | France-Visas / Government of France | 2026-08-01 | 2026-09-12 |
| eligibility | France-Visas describes multiple Talent Passport categories; for the highly qualified employee route, the applicant needs an employment contract of at least one year plus a recognised higher-education qualification of at least three years or comparable professional experience, subject to the category's conditions. | France-Visas / Government of France | 2026-09-12 | 2026-09-12 |
| financial-requirement | For the highly qualified employee Talent Passport category, France-Visas specifies a salary threshold tied to the annually fixed gross reference salary; the current page states €59,373 as the reference salary from 21 August 2025 and requires at least 1.5 times that reference salary for the EU Blue Card subcategory. | France-Visas / Government of France | 2025-08-21 | 2026-09-12 |
| eligibility | Spain's Ministry of Inclusion states that the long-term study stay authorisation covers recognised higher education and other qualifying full-time studies; higher-education applicants must be admitted to a recognised institution and have paid the applicable enrolment or registration fees. | Spanish Ministry of Inclusion, Social Security and Migration | 2025-11-01 | 2026-09-12 |
| financial-requirement | Spain's study-stay guidance requires sufficient economic means for the stay and return; for the applicant's maintenance it specifies 100% of IPREM per month, with different percentages for qualifying accompanying family members and an exception where accommodation has been prepaid for the full stay. | Spanish Ministry of Inclusion, Social Security and Migration | 2025-11-01 | 2026-09-12 |
| eligibility | Spain's UGE defines international teleworkers as third-country nationals carrying out remote work or professional activity for companies located outside Spain using computer, telematic and telecommunications systems; professional applicants may have Spanish business relationships provided the applicable 20% activity limit is respected. | Spanish Ministry of Inclusion, Social Security and Migration / UGE | 2026-09-12 | 2026-09-12 |
| financial-requirement | Spain's official international-teleworker FAQ states that applicants must prove sufficient employment-derived resources, with the holder requirement set at 200% of the minimum interprofessional salary per month and additional percentages for accompanying family members. | Spanish Ministry of Inclusion, Social Security and Migration / UGE | 2026-09-12 | 2026-09-12 |
| financial-requirement | Applicants for a Finnish study residence permit must have at least EUR 800 per month available for living costs; for studies lasting at least one year, the normal first-year amount is EUR 9,600, with tuition funds required separately where applicable. | Finnish Immigration Service | 2026-09-12 | 2026-10-11 |
| eligibility | Finland's study residence permit route applies to qualifying studies and requires the applicant to demonstrate the conditions for the permit, including admission/enrolment and sufficient financial resources under the applicable rules. | Finnish Immigration Service | 2026-09-12 | 2026-09-12 |
| financial-requirement | For a Finnish residence permit for an employed person, gross salary must be at least EUR 1,600 per month in 2026, excluding certain supplements; other work-permit categories have their own income thresholds. | Finnish Immigration Service | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-12 |
| financial-requirement | Italy requires study applicants to demonstrate adequate financial means; an official 2026/2027 study-visa checklist states a minimum of EUR 783.06 per month for subsistence, alongside evidence of regular/stable financial resources and accommodation. | Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation | 2026-06-01 | 2026-09-12 |
| eligibility | Italy's study visa route applies to applicants admitted to qualifying study programmes; applicants must satisfy the applicable visa documentation and entry requirements for study in Italy. | Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation | 2026-09-12 | 2026-09-12 |
| financial-requirement | Applicants for a Norwegian study permit must demonstrate sufficient funds to support themselves during the study period, with the applicable amount and evidence requirements set by UDI for the relevant study permit application. | Norwegian Directorate of Immigration | 2026-09-12 | 2026-10-11 |
| eligibility | Norway's skilled-worker residence route requires the applicant to qualify as a skilled worker and satisfy the applicable employment, qualification and job-offer conditions set by UDI. | Norwegian Directorate of Immigration | 2026-09-12 | 2026-09-12 |
| eligibility | A UK Student visa applicant must be 16 or over and have an offer for a qualifying course from a licensed student sponsor, with a Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS). | UK Visas and Immigration | 2026-09-12 | 2026-09-12 |
| financial-requirement | For applicants who must prove funds, the Student visa maintenance requirement is £1,529 per month for up to 9 months in London or £1,171 per month for up to 9 months outside London, in addition to the required course-fee funds; exemptions and differential-evidence rules apply in specified circumstances. | UK Visas and Immigration | 2026-09-12 | 2026-09-12 |
| eligibility | A UK Skilled Worker applicant must have a confirmed job offer from an approved UK employer, a Certificate of Sponsorship, an eligible occupation and the required English-language ability, with role-specific eligibility rules applying. | UK Visas and Immigration | 2026-09-12 | 2026-10-11 |
| financial-requirement | The usual Skilled Worker salary requirement is at least £41,700 per year or the applicable going rate for the occupation, whichever is higher; specified lower-salary routes and transitional rules can apply. | UK Visas and Immigration | 2026-09-12 | 2026-10-11 |
| eligibility | Non-EEA students must meet Ireland's applicable study-permission requirements and study on an eligible programme; visa-required students have their financial capacity assessed during the visa process and students staying over 90 days must register their immigration permission. | Immigration Service Delivery | 2026-09-12 | 2026-09-12 |
| financial-requirement | For a one-year course, students must demonstrate access to at least €10,000 for living costs; for stays of 8 months or less, the requirement is €833 per month or €6,665 in total, whichever is the lesser, alongside applicable course-fee evidence. | Immigration Service Delivery | 2025-06-30 | 2026-09-12 |
| eligibility | Critical Skills Employment Permit eligibility depends substantially on the occupation and remuneration, and requires a qualifying job offer from a bona-fide employer in Ireland; the applicable Critical Skills Occupations List and permit rules determine whether the role qualifies. | Department of Enterprise, Tourism and Employment | 2026-05-13 | 2026-09-12 |
| financial-requirement | From 1 March 2026, the Critical Skills Employment Permit minimum annual remuneration threshold is €40,904 for the specified qualifying occupations, with €36,848 applying to qualifying recent graduates and €68,911 applying to the higher-remuneration category; role-specific rules and the applicable occupation list still govern eligibility. | Department of Enterprise, Tourism and Employment | 2026-03-01 | 2026-09-12 |
| eligibility | Canada study permit applicants generally need enrolment at a designated learning institution, sufficient funds, admissibility and to satisfy the officer that they will leave Canada when the permit expires; most applicants also need the required acceptance and attestation documents. | Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada | 2026-01-26 | 2026-09-13 |
| financial-requirement | For study-permit applications made on or after September 1, 2026, applicants outside Quebec must demonstrate CAD 23,448 for the first applicant's annual living expenses, excluding tuition and transportation, with higher amounts for accompanying family members; tuition and transportation must also be covered. | Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada | 2026-09-01 | 2026-10-11 |
| eligibility | Australia's Subclass 500 Student visa requires applicants to satisfy the applicable student-visa criteria, including the genuine student criterion and the course/visa requirements applicable to the applicant and family members. | Australian Department of Home Affairs | 2026-09-13 | 2026-09-13 |
| financial-requirement | Where financial-capacity evidence is required for an Australian Subclass 500 application, the applicant must demonstrate funds for travel, 12 months of course fees, 12 months of living costs and applicable school costs for accompanying school-age children; the Department also permits specified alternative income evidence in qualifying circumstances. | Australian Department of Home Affairs | 2026-09-13 | 2026-09-13 |
| eligibility | New Zealand's Fee Paying Student Visa requires an offer of place from an approved education provider and also requires the applicant to meet health, character, genuine-intention, insurance and onward-travel requirements applicable to the visa. | Immigration New Zealand | 2026-09-13 | 2026-09-13 |
| financial-requirement | For tertiary, English-language or other non-compulsory study, a self-funded student generally needs NZD 20,000 for each year of study or NZD 1,667 per month for shorter study, in addition to tuition and onward-travel arrangements; acceptable sponsorship or other approved funding mechanisms can also satisfy the requirement. | Immigration New Zealand | 2026-09-13 | 2026-09-13 |
| eligibility | New Zealand's Skilled Migrant Category residence framework requires current skilled employment or an offer of skilled employment at the relevant wage rate and includes pathway-specific qualification, occupational, work-experience and residence requirements. | Immigration New Zealand | 2026-08-24 | 2026-09-13 |
| financial-requirement | Skilled Migrant Category applicants must have skilled employment or an offer at the relevant wage rate; current pathway rules use specified wage thresholds for relevant work-experience pathways, so remuneration is route-dependent rather than a single universal settlement-funds amount. | Immigration New Zealand | 2026-08-24 | 2026-09-13 |
| eligibility | Austria's temporary-residence framework includes a residence permit for students; applicants must satisfy the applicable student residence requirements, including admission/enrolment and the general residence conditions that apply to the student category. | Federal Government of Austria / migration.gv.at | 2026-09-13 | 2026-09-13 |
| financial-requirement | For Austrian student residence permits in 2026, the general subsistence reference is EUR 777.58 per month for applicants under 24 and EUR 1,308.39 per month for applicants 24 or older; the required means must cover the applicable period and accommodation costs are considered where relevant. | Federal Government of Austria / migration.gv.at | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-13 |
| eligibility | Austria's Other Key Workers category under the Red-White-Red Card framework is a defined third-country worker route with category-specific eligibility and a points-based assessment, including a qualifying employment offer and the applicable Austrian admission conditions. | Federal Government of Austria / migration.gv.at | 2026-09-13 | 2026-09-13 |
| financial-requirement | Austria's Red-White-Red Card categories have route-specific employment remuneration requirements; for example, the 2026 Other Key Workers category requires statutory minimum remuneration of EUR 3,465 gross per month plus special payments, while other categories use their own salary rules. | Federal Government of Austria / migration.gv.at | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-13 |
| eligibility | Third-country nationals seeking work in Switzerland generally must be highly qualified; the future employer must apply for the permit and demonstrate that no suitable Swiss or EU/EFTA worker is available, subject to the applicable admission rules and quotas. | State Secretariat for Migration | 2026-09-13 | 2026-09-13 |
| financial-requirement | Swiss third-country employment admission requires salary and employment conditions to comply with the conditions customary to the region, profession and sector; an offered job alone is not sufficient for a work permit. | State Secretariat for Migration | 2026-09-13 | 2026-09-13 |
| eligibility | Portugal's higher-education residence route applies to students admitted or enrolled in an eligible higher-education programme; AIMA requires proof of enrolment/admission and the applicable residence conditions under Article 91. | AIMA | 2026-09-13 | 2026-09-13 |
| financial-requirement | Portugal requires third-country nationals to demonstrate sufficient means of subsistence under its applicable rules; AIMA identifies proof of subsistence for higher-education residence applications and links the calculation to Portaria 1563/2007, with evidence varying by the applicant's circumstances. | AIMA | 2026-09-13 | 2026-09-13 |
| eligibility | Portugal's remote-work residence route requires a valid residence visa for remote professional activity performed for an entity or client outside Portugal and supporting proof of the foreign employment or service relationship. | AIMA | 2026-09-13 | 2026-09-13 |
| financial-requirement | Portugal's subsistence rules use the applicable national minimum-wage reference and allow remote-work applicants to prove means through employment or service contracts and related income evidence; no unsupported single net-income figure is asserted here. | AIMA | 2026-09-13 | 2026-09-13 |
| eligibility | Sweden's higher-education study residence permit requires final admission to full-time, on-site studies, payment of applicable tuition before applying, and the other applicable residence-permit conditions. | Swedish Migration Agency | 2026-09-13 | 2026-09-13 |
| financial-requirement | For Swedish higher-education study residence-permit applications made in 2026, the maintenance requirement is at least SEK 10,656 per month, subject to specified reductions where free housing or food is provided and higher amounts for accompanying family members. | Swedish Migration Agency | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-13 |
| eligibility | Finland offers a residence permit for an employed person (TTOL); the applicant must have qualifying employment and meet the applicable employment-based residence conditions, including sufficient income. | Finnish Immigration Service (Migri) | 2026-09-13 | 2026-09-13 |
| financial-requirement | For Finland's residence permit for an employed person (TTOL), total gross salary must be at least EUR 1,600 per month in 2026, excluding certain supplements; the salary must also satisfy the applicable collective-agreement requirement. | Finnish Immigration Service (Migri) | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-13 |
| eligibility | A third-country national seeking to work in Luxembourg as a salaried worker for more than three months generally needs a temporary authorisation to stay before entry, followed by the applicable residence permit; the employer must complete the required vacancy declaration and recruitment process with ADEM unless an applicable exemption applies. | Guichet.lu / Luxembourg Ministry of Home Affairs | 2026-09-13 | 2026-09-13 |
| financial-requirement | Luxembourg employment remuneration must not fall below the applicable social minimum wage; the applicable minimum is increased for skilled workers, while collective agreements can establish applicable salary scales. | Guichet.lu / Luxembourg Government | 2026-09-13 | 2026-09-13 |
| eligibility | The Skilled Independent visa (subclass 189), Points-tested stream, requires an Expression of Interest before invitation, an occupation available to the visa, English and skills-assessment information, and at least 65 points to be eligible for invitation. A score of 65 does not guarantee an invitation. | Australian Department of Home Affairs | 2026-09-14 | 2026-09-14 |
| financial-requirement | Current official SkillSelect guidance establishes points, occupation, English and skills-assessment requirements but the reviewed material does not establish a single subclass-189 proof-of-funds amount that can safely be recorded as a universal visa-specific financial requirement. Financial verification therefore remains an explicit research gap and is not inferred from general migration guidance. | Australian Department of Home Affairs | 2026-09-14 | 2026-09-14 |
| process | For subclass 189, the applicant submits an Expression of Interest through SkillSelect, may receive an invitation if selected, and then has 60 days from invitation to submit the visa application online through ImmiAccount. The applicant must satisfy the visa requirements at application. | Australian Department of Home Affairs | 2026-09-14 | 2026-09-14 |
| application-document-matrix | For the Other Key Workers route, the official Austrian migration portal requires a valid travel document, recent photograph and comprehensive health-insurance evidence, and may require additional documents case by case. Route-specific points evidence includes qualification certificates, work testimonials/work certificates, qualifying language diplomas or course certificates and, where applicable, professional-athlete documentation. Originals and copies are required; documents not in German or English require translation and the authority may request legalisation. | Austrian Federal Government migration portal | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-14 |
| points-validation | The 2026 Other Key Workers route requires at least 55 points, with a published maximum of 90 points across qualification, work experience, language skills and age, plus specified additional bonus points. The route also requires a qualifying Austrian job offer, statutory minimum gross monthly remuneration of €3,465 plus special payments, and a labour-market test. | Austrian Federal Government migration portal | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-14 |
| employer-nulla-osta-matrix | The 2026 Flussi non-seasonal subordinate route is an employer-led nulla osta process through the Ministry of the Interior ALI portal. The official operational guidance identifies employer-side preparation, including the labour-market unavailability check where applicable, before the nulla osta application is submitted under the 2026 quota process. | Italian Government migration integration portal | 2026-01-12 | 2026-09-14 |
| sector-country-quota-matrix | For 2026 Italy authorised 76,200 non-seasonal subordinate entries within the national Flussi programme, alongside separate quotas for self-employed and seasonal workers. The detailed sector, territorial and eligible-country allocation must be evaluated against the official DPCM and operational annexes rather than treated as one universal quota for every non-seasonal application. | Italian Government migration integration portal | 2026-01-12 | 2026-09-14 |
| compensation-documentary-matrix | The 2026 Flussi route is an employment route and the employer's filing must identify the proposed employment relationship and satisfy the documentary and employment conditions required by the operational circular and nulla osta process. The product must not substitute a generic salary threshold for the applicable employment-sector and contractual evidence. | Italian Government migration integration portal | 2026-01-12 | 2026-09-14 |
| applicant-evidence-matrix | The 2026 Flussi process separates the employer's nulla osta stage from the worker's subsequent immigration/visa processing. Applicant evidence must therefore be validated against the applicable nulla osta outcome, travel document and consular requirements rather than treating employer-submitted material as proof of every applicant criterion. | Italian Government migration integration portal | 2026-01-12 | 2026-09-14 |
| eligibility | Austria's Other Key Workers route is a specific Red-White-Red Card sub-route for third-country nationals taking up qualifying key-worker employment. The applicant must meet the published points threshold and the route-specific employment, labour-market and qualification criteria. | Austrian Federal Government migration portal | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-14 |
| financial-requirement | For 2026, the prospective employer for an Other Key Worker must pay at least €3,465 gross per month. The remuneration requirement is route-specific and is not evidence for the wider Red-White-Red Card family. | Austrian Federal Government migration portal | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-14 |
| process | The Other Key Workers route results in a Red-White-Red Card valid for 24 months when its route-specific employment, remuneration, labour-market test and points requirements are satisfied. | Austrian Federal Government migration portal | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-14 |
| eligibility | The Federal Skilled Worker Program is a skilled-worker permanent-residence program for applicants with qualifying foreign work experience; minimum requirements include eligible skilled work in NOC TEER 0, 1, 2 or 3, at least one year of continuous qualifying work experience (or 1,560 hours), approved language testing, and qualifying education with an Educational Credential Assessment where the education is foreign. Applicants must also meet the program's selection-factor threshold and admissibility rules. | Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada | 2026-06-22 | 2026-09-14 |
| financial-requirement | Federal Skilled Worker Program applicants generally must show enough settlement funds for themselves and their family; proof of funds is not required where the applicant is currently legally able to work in Canada and has a valid Canadian job offer. The required amount depends on family size and is maintained by IRCC in its Express Entry proof-of-funds table. | Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada | 2026-09-14 | 2026-09-14 |
| eligibility | Applicants for a Finnish residence permit for studies must have been accepted by a Finnish educational institution; eligible studies generally lead to a degree or vocational qualification, with exchange study also covered. The studies must require residence in Finland rather than mainly being online distance learning. | Finnish Immigration Service (Migri) | 2026-09-14 | 2026-09-14 |
| financial-requirement | Applicants for a first Finnish study residence permit need at least EUR 800 per month for living costs; for studies lasting at least one year, the guidance states EUR 9,600 must be available when applying, in addition to funds needed for unpaid tuition fees where applicable. | Finnish Immigration Service (Migri) | 2026-09-14 | 2026-09-14 |
| eligibility | Italy's 2026 non-seasonal subordinate-work route operates within the 2026-2028 Flussi programming and has a defined quota of 76,200 non-seasonal subordinate entries. Applications remain subject to the applicable quota and route conditions. | Italian Government — Portale Integrazione Migranti / Ministry of Interior and partner ministries | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-14 |
| financial-requirement | The 2026 Flussi government material reviewed establishes the annual quota and employer-side application framework but does not establish a single applicant proof-of-funds amount that can safely be treated as the route's universal financial requirement. This remains an explicit evidence gap pending the applicable nulla-osta and applicant documentation rules. | Italian Government — Portale Integrazione Migranti / Ministry of Interior and partner ministries | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-14 |
| process | For the 2026 non-seasonal subordinate route, applications are pre-compiled through the ALI Services Portal and submitted from the applicable click-day date, with applications accepted through 31 December 2026 subject to quota availability. Employer-side nulla-osta and applicant-side visa documentation remain distinct steps requiring separate evidence validation. | Italian Government — Portale Integrazione Migranti / Ministry of Interior and partner ministries | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-14 |
| financial-requirement | For academic-year 2026/2027 higher-education study visas, Italian diplomatic guidance uses a minimum reference amount of €10,179.85 per year for means of subsistence. The funds must be lawful and traceable; this amount is separate from tuition and return-travel costs, and the competent mission may require supporting financial evidence. | Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Italian diplomatic missions | 2026-09-14 | 2026-09-14 |
| financial-requirement | For a Japan Student status application, applicants may be asked to provide evidence that they can cover study-period expenses; the official Study in Japan guidance lists a sponsor savings-balance certificate, prior-year income certificate and documentation identifying the source of funds as examples of financial evidence. | Study in Japan / Japan Student Services Organization | 2026-09-14 | 2026-09-14 |
| process | For international students, an authorised Certificate of Eligibility is generally applied for at a regional immigration services bureau in Japan by the student or a proxy such as the accepting school; after the COE is issued, the applicant can submit the visa application to a Japanese embassy or consulate. | Study in Japan / Japan Student Services Organization | 2026-09-14 | 2026-09-14 |
| financial-requirement | Under Japan's Engineer/Specialist in Humanities/International Services status criteria, remuneration must be equal to or greater than the remuneration a Japanese national would receive for the same work; this is a pay-parity condition, not a single universal published salary threshold. | Immigration Services Agency of Japan | 2026-09-14 | 2026-09-14 |
| process | Japan provides a dedicated Immigration Services Agency application route for Engineer/Specialist in Humanities/International Services, with required documents varying by employer category and application type; the agency lists certificate-of-eligibility and residence-status procedures for this status. | Immigration Services Agency of Japan | 2026-09-14 | 2026-09-14 |
| pathway-scope | As of 24 August 2026, New Zealand's Skilled Migrant Category contains three distinct residence pathways: the Points-based pathway, Skilled Work Experience pathway, and Trades and Technician pathway. The generic NZ-skilled registry record therefore remains a research umbrella and must not be promoted as though one eligibility rule applies to all three. | Immigration New Zealand | 2026-08-24 | 2026-09-14 |
| policy-update | The 24 August 2026 Skilled Migrant Category changes include clarified wage-threshold application, updated qualification evidence, removal of the overseas Trade and Technician 120-credit requirement, and strengthened genuine-skilled-employment settings. The Skilled Work Experience and Trades and Technician pathways have distinct work-experience and qualification rules, so route-specific evidence is required before promotion. | Immigration New Zealand | 2026-08-24 | 2026-09-14 |
| eligibility | A person from outside the EU/EEA who plans to study in Norway for more than three months must apply for a study residence permit; for higher education the applicant must be admitted to a university college or university and study full-time, in addition to the other applicable requirements. | Norwegian Directorate of Immigration (UDI) | 2026-09-14 | 2026-09-14 |
| financial-requirement | For higher-education study permit applicants, UDI states that the applicant must document at least NOK 15,488 per month, or NOK 170,368 per year, for the academic year; semester-specific documentation is also specified for applicants studying for only one semester. | Norwegian Directorate of Immigration (UDI) | 2026-09-14 | 2026-09-14 |
| eligibility | The Skilled Work Experience SMC pathway requires a job or job offer in an ANZSCO skill level 1 to 3 occupation, pay of at least 1.1 times the SMC wage threshold, at least 3 years of relevant work experience, and an additional 2 years of skilled work experience in New Zealand. Amber-list roles have higher requirements and red-list roles cannot use this pathway; self-employment cannot count as relevant work experience. | Immigration New Zealand | 2026-08-24 | 2026-09-14 |
| financial-requirement | The Skilled Work Experience pathway requires pay of at least 1.1 times the applicable SMC wage threshold, with higher wage treatment for applicable amber-list occupations. The applicable wage threshold is effective-date dependent. | Immigration New Zealand | 2026-08-24 | 2026-09-14 |
| process | Applicants use the SMC residence process and must provide evidence of their employment, work history, pay and other claimed eligibility. The selected pathway must match the pathway for which the applicant is invited to apply. | Immigration New Zealand | 2026-08-24 | 2026-09-14 |
| direct-relevance-validation | For the Skilled Work Experience pathway, relevant work experience must be directly relevant to the applicant's skilled job or skilled job offer, and qualifying skilled work must be in an ANZSCO skill level 1 to 3 occupation. Self-employment cannot be counted as directly relevant work experience under the new pathway. | Immigration New Zealand | 2026-08-24 | 2026-09-14 |
| eligibility | The Trades and Technician SMC pathway requires an eligible trades or technician role, a relevant qualification and at least 4 years of post-qualification work experience including at least 18 months of skilled work experience in New Zealand. Additional occupation and qualification rules apply. | Immigration New Zealand | 2026-08-24 | 2026-09-14 |
| financial-requirement | The Trades and Technician pathway uses the applicable SMC wage threshold for skilled employment, with pathway-specific wage and occupation settings. Current official wage guidance provides the effective threshold and multiplier rules that apply to the pathway. | Immigration New Zealand | 2026-08-24 | 2026-09-14 |
| process | Applicants must evidence the eligible occupation, qualification and post-qualification work experience claimed under the Trades and Technician pathway, using the SMC residence application process and applicable qualification assessment rules. | Immigration New Zealand | 2026-08-24 | 2026-09-14 |
| eligibility | The Skilled Migrant Category Points-based pathway requires 6 skilled resident points from one skill category (qualification, New Zealand occupational registration, or income) or a combination of one skill category and eligible skilled work experience in New Zealand. The principal applicant must be 55 or younger and meet the common SMC requirements including skilled employment, English, health and character requirements. | Immigration New Zealand | 2026-08-24 | 2026-09-14 |
| financial-requirement | The Points-based SMC pathway uses employment pay as one possible points category and requires skilled employment or a job offer meeting the applicable SMC wage settings. Current Immigration New Zealand guidance specifies income-point thresholds at 1.5, 2 and 3 times the SMC wage threshold; the current live SMC page displays NZD 35 per hour as the base threshold, subject to the applicable pathway and effective-date rules. | Immigration New Zealand | 2026-08-24 | 2026-09-14 |
| process | Applicants use the Skilled Migrant Category Expression of Interest process and, if invited, apply under the Points-based pathway for which they were invited. Applicants must provide evidence supporting the points claimed and satisfy the residence application requirements in force for the selected pathway. | Immigration New Zealand | 2026-08-24 | 2026-09-14 |
| occupation-registration-matrix | New Zealand occupational registration can be the skill category used to claim SMC points when the applicant's occupation is covered by an eligible registration pathway and the registration level maps to the prescribed points value. Registration evidence must be for the occupation and registration authority actually relied upon in the application. | Immigration New Zealand | 2026-08-24 | 2026-09-14 |
| qualification-exception-matrix | Qualifications used for SMC points must satisfy the applicable New Zealand or recognised-equivalent qualification rules. Where an overseas qualification is not exempt from assessment, the applicant must use the applicable qualification or International Qualification Assessment evidence required by Immigration New Zealand before relying on the qualification for points. | Immigration New Zealand | 2026-08-24 | 2026-09-14 |
| occupation-exception-matrix | The Skilled Work Experience pathway excludes Red List occupations and ANZSCO skill levels 4 or 5. Amber List occupations require at least 1.2 times the SMC wage threshold, at least 3 years of relevant work experience in New Zealand in an ANZSCO skill level 1 to 3 occupation, and an additional 2 years of qualifying skilled work experience in New Zealand at the 1.2-times threshold. Standard eligible roles require at least 5 years of directly relevant work experience including 2 years of skilled work experience in New Zealand at 1.1 times the applicable threshold. | Immigration New Zealand | 2026-08-24 | 2026-09-14 |
| wage-regression | For Skilled Work Experience, the applicable wage threshold is determined by when qualifying New Zealand skilled work starts. From 9 March 2026 the SMC threshold is NZD 35.00/hour, with 1.1 times = NZD 38.50/hour for standard roles and 1.2 times = NZD 42.00/hour for Amber List roles. Earlier effective periods must use their corresponding historical threshold. A qualifying grace period may apply when work begins within 5 months of visa grant under the official conditions. | Immigration New Zealand | 2026-08-24 | 2026-09-14 |
| occupation-qualification-matrix | The Trades and Technician pathway is restricted to occupations on the official eligible occupation list and requires a relevant qualification at Level 4, comparable to Level 4, or higher, plus the prescribed post-qualification work experience. The current rule requires at least 2.5 years of relevant post-qualification experience in an ANZSCO skill level 1 to 3 occupation and an additional 1.5 years of post-qualification skilled work experience in New Zealand. Overseas Trade and Technician qualifications no longer need the former 120-credit requirement; New Zealand qualifications retain a 120-credit requirement, which may be met through more than one prerequisite-linked qualification. | Immigration New Zealand | 2026-08-24 | 2026-09-14 |
| process | The Skilled Migrant Category is a residence pathway administered by Immigration New Zealand and uses a skilled-job or job-offer and pathway-specific eligibility framework; applicants must satisfy the applicable residence application and evidence requirements in force for the selected SMC pathway. | Immigration New Zealand | 2026-08-24 | 2026-09-14 |
| eligibility | Sweden's standard work-permit route requires qualifying employment and employer-side insurance/terms; salary and employment conditions must be at least on par with Swedish collective agreements or common practice, and the applicable work-permit requirements must be met. | Swedish Migration Agency | 2026-06-01 | 2026-09-14 |
| financial-requirement | For Swedish work-permit applications subject to the new 2026 rule, salary must be at least 90% of the median salary at the time of application and remain in line with collective agreements or common practice. Based on the median salary current from 16 June 2026, the threshold is SEK 34,470 per month; exemptions can apply to specified occupations/groups. | Swedish Migration Agency | 2026-06-16 | 2026-09-14 |
| eligibility | Norway's skilled-worker residence permit requires relevant qualifying education or equivalent special qualifications and a concrete job offer from one specific employer; the job must normally be full-time (or at least 80%), require skilled-worker qualifications, and meet Norwegian employment conditions. | Norwegian Directorate of Immigration (UDI) | 2026-09-14 | 2026-09-14 |
| financial-requirement | For Norway's skilled-worker route, pay and working conditions must not be poorer than normal in Norway for the occupation. UDI also publishes a specific minimum income for certain special categories, so the product should not treat one category-specific amount as a universal skilled-worker salary threshold. | Norwegian Directorate of Immigration (UDI) | 2026-09-14 | 2026-09-14 |
| eligibility | For higher-education study in Italy, non-EU applicants generally complete pre-enrolment through Universitaly with validation by the receiving institution before applying for the appropriate long-stay study visa; visa documentation includes the validated pre-enrolment/enrolment evidence and applicable academic qualification documents. | Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Italian diplomatic missions | 2026-09-14 | 2026-09-14 |
| process | Red-White-Red Card applications are submitted to the competent Austrian authority (Magistrat or Bezirkshauptmannschaft) in Austria, or to the Austrian representation abroad for applicants outside Austria. The employer and applicant must jointly satisfy the applicable category criteria; the card is issued for 24 months and entitles the holder to take up employment with the sponsoring employer. A Red-White-Red Card Plus may be applied for after 24 months of qualifying employment. | Austrian Federal Government migration portal | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| process | Australia's skilled migration programme operates through the SkillSelect system. Applicants submit an Expression of Interest (EOI) and, if invited, lodge a visa application within 60 days. The programme includes points-tested streams (subclass 189, 190, 491) and employer-sponsored streams. Invitations are issued in periodic rounds based on points score and occupation demand. | Department of Home Affairs | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| financial-requirement | Australia's skilled visa streams do not publish a single universal proof-of-funds threshold applicable to all subclasses. Financial requirements are subclass-specific: subclass 189 has no published universal proof-of-funds requirement in current Department of Home Affairs guidance; subclass 190 and 491 requirements are state/territory-nominated and vary. This record documents the absence of a universal financial threshold rather than asserting one. | Department of Home Affairs | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| eligibility | Third-country nationals wishing to study in Switzerland must obtain a residence permit for the purpose of study. Applicants must be enrolled or accepted at a recognised Swiss educational institution, demonstrate sufficient financial means for the duration of study, and satisfy the general conditions for entry and residence in Switzerland. | State Secretariat for Migration | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| financial-requirement | Switzerland requires study-permit applicants to demonstrate sufficient financial means to cover tuition fees and living costs for the duration of their studies without recourse to public funds. The applicable threshold is assessed by the cantonal authority and is not published as a single national figure; applicants must demonstrate self-sufficiency for the full study period. | State Secretariat for Migration | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| process | Third-country nationals applying for a Swiss study residence permit must apply at the cantonal migration authority of the canton where the institution is located. Applicants outside Switzerland apply through the Swiss representation in their country of residence. The permit is issued for the duration of the study programme and must be renewed annually. A letter of acceptance from the institution and proof of financial means are required. | State Secretariat for Migration | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| eligibility | Third-country nationals wishing to study in Hungary must obtain a residence permit for study purposes. Applicants must hold a valid acceptance letter from a Hungarian higher-education institution, demonstrate sufficient financial means, and satisfy the general conditions for entry and residence under Hungarian immigration law. | National Directorate-General for Aliens Policing | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| financial-requirement | Hungary requires study-permit applicants to demonstrate sufficient financial means to cover their stay. The applicable subsistence reference is set by Hungarian law and must cover accommodation and living costs for the duration of the permit; applicants must show they can support themselves without recourse to public funds. | National Directorate-General for Aliens Policing | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| process | Applications for a Hungarian study residence permit are submitted to the competent regional directorate of the National Directorate-General for Aliens Policing. Applicants already in Hungary apply in person; those outside Hungary apply at the Hungarian consulate in their country of residence. The permit is issued for the duration of the study programme and must be renewed annually. | National Directorate-General for Aliens Policing | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| eligibility | Third-country nationals seeking employment in Hungary must obtain a residence permit for employment purposes. The applicant must have a valid job offer from a Hungarian employer, and the employer must demonstrate that the position could not be filled by a Hungarian or EU/EEA national, subject to the applicable labour-market test and quota rules. | National Directorate-General for Aliens Policing | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| financial-requirement | Hungary's employment residence permit requires the applicant to receive remuneration at least equal to the applicable statutory minimum wage or the sector-specific minimum for the role. The employer's job offer must specify the salary, which must comply with Hungarian labour law requirements. | National Directorate-General for Aliens Policing | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| process | Applications for a Hungarian employment residence permit are submitted to the competent regional directorate of the National Directorate-General for Aliens Policing or at the Hungarian consulate abroad. The employer initiates the labour-market availability check; once cleared, the applicant submits the residence permit application with the job offer and supporting documents. | National Directorate-General for Aliens Policing | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| eligibility | Third-country nationals wishing to study in Luxembourg must obtain a temporary authorisation to stay for study purposes. Applicants must be enrolled or accepted at a recognised Luxembourg educational institution, be at least 18 years old, hold a valid travel document, and demonstrate sufficient financial resources and health insurance. | Guichet.lu | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| financial-requirement | Luxembourg requires student applicants to demonstrate financial resources sufficient to cover living costs and tuition for the duration of their studies. The applicable reference amount is linked to the Luxembourg social minimum wage; applicants must show they can support themselves without recourse to public funds. | Guichet.lu | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| process | Luxembourg student immigration applications are submitted to the Immigration Directorate of the Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs. Applicants outside Luxembourg apply at the Luxembourg consulate in their country of residence. The temporary authorisation to stay is issued for one academic year and must be renewed annually with proof of academic progress. | Guichet.lu | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| eligibility | Third-country nationals wishing to study in Lithuania must obtain a temporary residence permit for studies. Applicants must hold a valid acceptance letter from a Lithuanian higher-education institution, demonstrate sufficient financial means, hold valid health insurance, and satisfy the general conditions for entry and residence under Lithuanian immigration law. | Migration Department of Lithuania | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| financial-requirement | Lithuania requires study-permit applicants to demonstrate financial means sufficient to cover living costs and tuition. The applicable subsistence threshold is set by Lithuanian law and must be demonstrated for the full duration of the permit period; applicants must show they can support themselves without recourse to public funds. | Migration Department of Lithuania | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| process | Applications for a Lithuanian study temporary residence permit are submitted to the Migration Department. Applicants outside Lithuania apply at the Lithuanian consulate in their country of residence for a national visa, then apply for the residence permit after arrival. The permit is issued for up to one year and must be renewed annually. | Migration Department of Lithuania | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| eligibility | Third-country nationals seeking employment in Lithuania must obtain a temporary residence permit for work. The applicant must have a valid employment contract or job offer from a Lithuanian employer. Certain occupations and high-skilled roles may be exempt from the labour-market test under the EU Blue Card or national high-skilled worker provisions. | Migration Department of Lithuania | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| financial-requirement | Lithuania's work residence permit requires the applicant to receive remuneration at least equal to the applicable Lithuanian average monthly gross wage threshold for the relevant permit category. The salary must be specified in the employment contract and comply with Lithuanian labour law. | Migration Department of Lithuania | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| process | Applications for a Lithuanian work temporary residence permit are submitted to the Migration Department. Applicants outside Lithuania apply at the Lithuanian consulate for a national visa, then apply for the residence permit after arrival or the employer may initiate the process. The permit is tied to the specific employer and role and must be renewed if employment changes. | Migration Department of Lithuania | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| eligibility | Third-country nationals wishing to study in Iceland must obtain a residence permit for study purposes. Applicants must be accepted at a recognised Icelandic educational institution, demonstrate sufficient financial means, hold valid health insurance, and satisfy the general conditions for entry and residence under Icelandic immigration law. | Directorate of Immigration Iceland | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| financial-requirement | Iceland requires study-permit applicants to demonstrate sufficient financial means to cover living costs and tuition for the duration of their studies. Applicants must show they can support themselves without recourse to public funds; the applicable threshold is assessed against current Icelandic subsistence reference amounts. | Directorate of Immigration Iceland | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| process | Applications for an Icelandic study residence permit are submitted to the Directorate of Immigration. Applicants outside Iceland apply at the Icelandic consulate or embassy in their country of residence. The permit is issued for the duration of the study programme and must be renewed annually with proof of continued enrolment. | Directorate of Immigration Iceland | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| eligibility | Third-country nationals seeking employment in Iceland must obtain a work and residence permit. The applicant must have a confirmed job offer from an Icelandic employer. The employer must demonstrate that the position could not be filled by an Icelandic or EEA national, subject to the applicable labour-market test, unless the occupation is on the shortage list. | Directorate of Immigration Iceland | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| financial-requirement | Iceland's work residence permit requires the applicant to receive remuneration in accordance with the applicable Icelandic collective agreement or statutory minimum for the role and sector. The salary must be specified in the employment contract and comply with Icelandic labour law. | Directorate of Immigration Iceland | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| process | Applications for an Icelandic work and residence permit are submitted to the Directorate of Immigration. The employer typically initiates the application. Applicants outside Iceland apply at the Icelandic consulate or embassy. The permit is tied to the specific employer and must be renewed if employment changes. | Directorate of Immigration Iceland | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| eligibility | Third-country nationals wishing to study in Poland must obtain a temporary residence permit for the purpose of study. Applicants must hold a valid acceptance or enrolment letter from a Polish higher-education institution, demonstrate sufficient financial means, hold valid health insurance, and satisfy the general conditions for entry and residence under Polish immigration law. | Office for Foreigners Poland | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| financial-requirement | Poland requires study-permit applicants to demonstrate stable and regular financial means sufficient to cover living costs and tuition. The applicable subsistence threshold is set by Polish law; applicants must show they can support themselves without recourse to public funds for the duration of the permit. | Office for Foreigners Poland | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| process | Applications for a Polish study temporary residence permit are submitted to the voivode (regional governor) competent for the applicant's place of residence in Poland. Applicants outside Poland apply at the Polish consulate for a national visa, then apply for the residence permit after arrival. The permit is issued for up to 15 months and must be renewed. | Office for Foreigners Poland | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| eligibility | Third-country nationals seeking employment in Poland must obtain a temporary residence and work permit. The applicant must have a valid employment contract or job offer from a Polish employer. The employer must obtain a work permit or declaration of intent to entrust work before the residence permit application is submitted. | Office for Foreigners Poland | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| financial-requirement | Poland's work residence permit requires the applicant to receive remuneration at least equal to the applicable Polish minimum wage for the role. The salary must be specified in the employment contract and comply with Polish labour law; the minimum wage is updated annually. | Office for Foreigners Poland | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| process | Applications for a Polish temporary residence and work permit are submitted to the voivode competent for the applicant's place of residence in Poland. The employer must first obtain a work permit or declaration; the applicant then applies for the combined residence and work permit. The permit is tied to the specific employer and role. | Office for Foreigners Poland | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| eligibility | Third-country nationals wishing to study in Malta must obtain a residence permit for study purposes. Applicants must hold a valid acceptance letter from a recognised Maltese educational institution, demonstrate sufficient financial means, hold valid health insurance, and satisfy the general conditions for entry and residence under Maltese immigration law. | Identità Malta | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| financial-requirement | Malta requires study-permit applicants to demonstrate sufficient financial means to cover tuition fees and living costs for the duration of their studies. Applicants must show they can support themselves without recourse to public funds; the applicable threshold is assessed against current Maltese subsistence reference amounts. | Identità Malta | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| process | Applications for a Maltese study residence permit are submitted to Identità Malta. Applicants outside Malta apply at the Maltese consulate or embassy in their country of residence. The permit is issued for the duration of the study programme and must be renewed annually with proof of continued enrolment. | Identità Malta | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| eligibility | Third-country nationals seeking employment in Malta must obtain a Single Permit combining residence and work authorisation. The applicant must have a confirmed job offer from a Maltese employer. The employer must demonstrate that the position could not be filled by a Maltese or EU/EEA national, subject to the applicable labour-market test. | Identità Malta | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| financial-requirement | Malta's Single Permit requires the applicant to receive remuneration at least equal to the applicable Maltese minimum wage or the sector-specific rate for the role. The salary must be specified in the employment contract and comply with Maltese labour law. | Identità Malta | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| process | Applications for a Maltese Single Permit are submitted to Identità Malta. The employer initiates the application on behalf of the applicant. Applicants outside Malta apply at the Maltese consulate or embassy. The permit is tied to the specific employer and role and must be renewed if employment changes. | Identità Malta | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| eligibility | Third-country nationals wishing to study in Czechia must obtain a long-term residence permit for the purpose of study. Applicants must hold a valid acceptance letter from a recognised Czech higher-education institution, demonstrate sufficient financial means, hold valid health insurance, and satisfy the general conditions for entry and residence under Czech immigration law. | Ministry of the Interior of the Czech Republic | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| financial-requirement | Czechia requires study-permit applicants to demonstrate sufficient financial means to cover living costs and tuition. The applicable subsistence threshold is set by Czech law; applicants must show they can support themselves without recourse to public funds for the duration of the permit. | Ministry of the Interior of the Czech Republic | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| process | Applications for a Czech long-term residence permit for study are submitted at the Czech consulate or embassy in the applicant's country of residence before arrival. After arrival, the applicant must register with the Ministry of the Interior. The permit is issued for the duration of the study programme and must be renewed annually. | Ministry of the Interior of the Czech Republic | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| eligibility | Third-country nationals seeking employment in Czechia must obtain an Employee Card combining long-term residence and work authorisation. The applicant must have a confirmed job offer from a Czech employer for a position listed in the central register of job vacancies for Employee Card holders. | Ministry of the Interior of the Czech Republic | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| financial-requirement | Czechia's Employee Card requires the applicant to receive remuneration at least equal to the applicable Czech minimum wage or the guaranteed wage for the relevant job category. The salary must be specified in the employment contract and comply with Czech labour law. | Ministry of the Interior of the Czech Republic | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| process | Applications for a Czech Employee Card are submitted at the Czech consulate or embassy in the applicant's country of residence. The employer must first list the vacancy in the central register; the applicant then applies for the Employee Card with the job offer and supporting documents. The card is tied to the specific employer and role. | Ministry of the Interior of the Czech Republic | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| eligibility | Third-country nationals wishing to study in South Korea must obtain a D-2 student visa. Applicants must hold a valid acceptance letter from a recognised Korean higher-education institution, demonstrate sufficient financial means, and satisfy the general conditions for entry under Korean immigration law administered by the Korea Immigration Service. | Korea Immigration Service | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| financial-requirement | South Korea requires D-2 student visa applicants to demonstrate sufficient financial means to cover tuition and living costs. Applicants must provide evidence of financial support such as bank statements or a sponsor's financial guarantee; the applicable threshold is assessed by the Korean consulate in the applicant's country of residence. | Korea Immigration Service | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| process | D-2 student visa applications are submitted at the Korean consulate or embassy in the applicant's country of residence. After arrival, the applicant must register with the Korea Immigration Service within 90 days. The visa is issued for the duration of the study programme and must be extended annually. | Korea Immigration Service | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| eligibility | Third-country nationals seeking employment in South Korea must obtain the appropriate employment visa category. The E-7 Specially Designated Activities visa covers professional and technical roles; applicants must have a confirmed job offer from a Korean employer and meet the qualification and experience requirements for the designated occupation. | Korea Immigration Service | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| financial-requirement | South Korea's employment visa categories require the applicant to receive remuneration in accordance with the applicable Korean minimum wage or the sector-specific rate for the role. The salary must be specified in the employment contract and comply with Korean labour law. | Korea Immigration Service | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| process | Employment visa applications for South Korea are submitted at the Korean consulate or embassy in the applicant's country of residence. The employer must obtain a confirmation of visa issuance from the Korea Immigration Service before the applicant applies. After arrival, the applicant must register with the Korea Immigration Service. | Korea Immigration Service | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| eligibility | Third-country nationals wishing to study in China must obtain an X1 or X2 student visa. X1 is for study programmes of more than 180 days; X2 is for 180 days or less. Applicants must hold a valid JW201 or JW202 admission form from a Chinese educational institution and satisfy the general conditions for entry under Chinese immigration law. | National Immigration Administration of China | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| financial-requirement | China requires student visa applicants to demonstrate sufficient financial means to cover tuition and living costs. Applicants must provide evidence of financial support such as bank statements or a scholarship award letter; the applicable threshold is assessed by the Chinese consulate in the applicant's country of residence. | National Immigration Administration of China | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| process | Chinese student visa applications are submitted at the Chinese consulate or embassy in the applicant's country of residence. After arrival, X1 visa holders must apply for a Residence Permit within 30 days at the local public security bureau. The residence permit is issued for the duration of the study programme. | National Immigration Administration of China | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| eligibility | Third-country nationals seeking employment in China must obtain a Z work visa and a Work Permit for Foreigners. Applicants must have a confirmed job offer from a Chinese employer authorised to hire foreign nationals. The employer must obtain the work permit before the applicant applies for the Z visa. | National Immigration Administration of China | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| financial-requirement | China's work visa and permit require the applicant to receive remuneration in accordance with the applicable Chinese minimum wage or the sector-specific rate for the role. The salary must be specified in the employment contract and comply with Chinese labour law. | National Immigration Administration of China | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| process | Chinese work visa applications require the employer to first obtain a Work Permit for Foreigners from the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security. The applicant then applies for a Z visa at the Chinese consulate or embassy. After arrival, the applicant must apply for a Residence Permit within 30 days at the local public security bureau. | National Immigration Administration of China | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| eligibility | Italy's work authorisation routes for third-country nationals operate within the annual Flussi quota decree. Non-seasonal subordinate work, self-employment and highly-qualified worker routes each have distinct eligibility criteria. The umbrella IT-work pathway record covers the family of routes; individual sub-routes (e.g. 2026 Flussi non-seasonal subordinate) have separate exact-route candidate records. | Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| financial-requirement | Italy's work authorisation routes require the applicant to receive remuneration in accordance with the applicable national collective labour agreement (CCNL) for the role and sector. No single universal salary threshold applies across all work routes; the applicable rate is determined by the CCNL for the specific occupation and employer. | Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| process | Italy's work authorisation routes require the employer to obtain a nulla osta (work authorisation) from the relevant Italian authority before the applicant applies for a work visa at the Italian consulate in their country of residence. The specific process varies by route (Flussi quota, EU Blue Card, intra-company transfer); applicants must follow the process for their specific route. | Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| eligibility | Third-country nationals wishing to study in Russia must obtain a student visa. Applicants must hold a valid invitation letter from a recognised Russian educational institution and satisfy the general conditions for entry under Russian immigration law. Travel advisories and sanctions may affect the practical availability of this route for applicants from certain countries. | Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| financial-requirement | Russia requires student visa applicants to demonstrate sufficient financial means to cover living costs and tuition. The applicable threshold is assessed by the Russian consulate; no single universal figure is published. Practical access to banking and financial transfers may be restricted for applicants from certain countries due to sanctions. | Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| eligibility | Third-country nationals seeking employment in Russia must obtain a work visa and work permit. The employer must obtain a work permit quota allocation and an individual work permit before the applicant applies for a work visa. Highly-qualified specialists may apply under a separate HQS route with different criteria. Travel advisories and sanctions may affect the practical availability of this route. | Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
| financial-requirement | Russia's work visa requires the applicant to receive remuneration in accordance with the applicable Russian minimum wage or the HQS salary threshold for highly-qualified specialists. Practical access to banking and financial transfers may be restricted for applicants from certain countries due to sanctions. | Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs | 2026-01-01 | 2026-09-28 |
Trust rule
A pathway remains out of recommendations until its material claims have complete primary-source evidence.
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